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2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

C. VERNAY 85 FQROUX.

SEWINGV MACHINE.v

No. 279,464. Patented June 12,1883.

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(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

CQVBRNAY e T. ROUX.

SEWING MACHINE.

` Patented June 12,1883.

MNo. 279,464..

UMa/M @@WM f @www rUNITED I dSfrn'frns il`PnfTE1wr OFFICE.

CLAUDE VERNAY AND FRANQOIS ROUX, OF LYONS, FRANCE.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,464, dated June 12, 1883. Application tiled January 25, 1883. (No model.)

.To allwh'om it may concern.-

Be it known that we, CLAUDE VERNAY and FRANoIs ROUX, both of Lyons, France, have invented an Improvement in Sewing-Machines Making a Lock-Stitch with a Single Thread, of which the following is a specification.

This machine has for its object the forming of a single-thread elastic stitch that cannot be,

pulled out.' The single thread is inclosed in a shuttle traveling under the sewing-table, and we use a double looping-needle occupying the place of the needle in ordinary machines. The thread is drawn through the fabric from below, and emerges above in the shape of loops of shuttle-thread that are drawn up by the looping-needle, cach of these loops being interloeked by one of the threads of the next loop, so as to form the stitch represented by the annexed drawings, Figure 1, the interlaeing having the appearance ofthe back-stitch made by hand.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 illustrates the stitch that is made by the machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical section showing the bed, the needle-bar,

presser-foot, and head ofthe machine. Fig.l

3 is a side view of the head and section of the bed. Fig. 4. shows the bar K separately. Fig. 5 shows the lower part of the needle-bar `and the tension-finger. Fig. 6 is a plan view with part ofthe bed broken open. Figs. 7 8, 9, and l() represent the needle, shuttle, and fabric in different stages of the sewing. Figs. 1l, 12, and 13 show modifications ofthe needle. Fig. 14 represents the shuttle. Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the bar K. Fig.' 16 is a perspective view of the pin and means for revolving the same. Fig. 17 represents the sp1-in pin and shuttle in larger size.

Before describing the arrangement of the different parts of the machine we are going to show the successive aspectsof the formation ofthe stitch by considering, first, only the two principal parts, the shuttle and the loopingneedle, the successive positions o f which are represented in Figs. 2, 7, 8, 9, and 10. In these figures a a represent the fabric, or the superposition of fabrics to be sewed, which is presumed to be advancing from left'to right. b b is the table of the machine, provided with an eye for the passage of the looping-needle. The 'looping-needle c is double-that is,it can catch the thread in going up as well as in going down. In Figs. 2, 3, 7 ,8, 9, 10 of the drawings the two hooks are shown 011 the same side; but they can be opposite one another, or in any other position (see Figs..11, 12,13) as long as they stand in opposite directions. This loopingneedle has a VverticalV motion, the saine as the needle in the ordinary sewing-machines. The shuttle n incl oses the single thread that makes the stitch. It works under the table in a circular or rectilinear track tangential to the side of the looping-needle. Suppose, now, the sewing begun and the parts placed as in Figs.

2 and 3, the shuttle to the left, as in Fig. 2, and' the looping-needle coming out of the fabric and bringing up a Aloop formed by the thread ofl the shuttle. At this moinentthe loopingneedle is near a tension-bar, e, the-working of which we shall sce in the following positions.

The looping-needle cont-innesto go up, its point passes beyond the bar e, which then passes to the right of the looping-needle, Fig. 7. The looping-needle now goes down and carries with it the loop by its upper hook and draws the loop over the tension-bar c, across which it is lying.` During this time the shuttle has passed to the right of the looping-needle, and the fabric has been fed along the length of a stitch. The looping-ncedlegoes then through the fabric, Fig. S, and the shuttle passes through the loop, Fig. 9. This passage is facilitated by a fiat part on the needle at the point where it comes in contact with the shuttle. Then the bar c draws back from the loop and the loop-- ing-needle lets go the loop traversed by the shuttle, and in going up seizes the thread of the shuttle by the lower hook; This thread is drawn up through the fabric in the form of a loop, Fig. 10, and the looping-needle, going up rapidly, tightens the stitches, which causes the iirst loop to come on top ofthe fabric, the stitch is made, and the parts are again in the position shown in Fig. 2, ready to make the next stitch. .The essential feature of thisnianner of operating lies in the fact that each loop drawn above the fabric goes back through it temporarily at the next stitch, to be traversed by the shuttle, and that the tightening of the stitch brings the loop back upon the top,

` where it is secured bythe thread of the following loop passing through it singly. The

IOO

results are, first, great strength in the sewing, the pulling of any one of the free threads only tightening the stitch; second, a perfect elasticity, as the thread is not following a straight Vline.

an ordinary needle, on a needle-carrier, D,

moving in bearings in the head A of the machine, and put in motion by a swinging arm, B, acted upon by a cam upon the main shaft ofthe machine. The Figs'. 1l, l2, and 13 show the variations ofthe form of thelooping notches or hooks in the needle.

Second, movement of the shuttle, Figs. 2, 3, (and 6.-The shuttle n moves in the curved track d, the side of which is in line with the side of the looping-needle. Motion is given to the shuttle-driver by the cam E acting on the short arm of the bent lever F. The extremity of the long arm receives a shuttle on a carrier or driver, G, providedwith two pins, g g,which, entering in two holes in the shuttle, cause it to be carried along. These pins, through the action of two small interior springs, tend constantly to draw back from the shuttle, and they are only held in their holds by their rear ends resting upon a stationary segmental plate, H, which has a notch at 7L. The consequence is that the two pins draw back from the shuttle one after the other in passing along infront of the notch, which permits the loop to pass behind the shuttle. A flat spring placed between the carrier and the shuttle insures the perfect contact of the shuttle with the segmental plate d d.

T11/5rd, movement of the tension-bar, Figs. 2, 8, 4, and 5.-The tension-bar is composed of a lever, e, oscillating on a point, Z, as a center and brought back by a spring. rlhis lever being forced to pass to the right or to the left of the looping-needle, is mounted therefore on an oscillating piece, K, held by a spring, 7.-.. A stop, n, near the looping-needle, limits the movement of the lever e on that side. On the same axis Z as the lever e is a little cam, o, having a notch, into which the spring p can penetrate. The branch B ofthe oscillating arm which gives motion tothe needle-carrier has a bolt, L, its object being to oscillate the piece K by acting on the double-inclined plane q, the anterior face of which pushes back the bolt L in' its downward movement'without giving any motion, while in its upward movement the bolt L acts on the lateral surface of the incl-ined plane to push the piece K to the left, Fig. 2. This being understood, it can be seen that in the position, Fig. 2, the tensionbar e, placed at the left of the needle-carrier, is pressed against the stop n and against the looping-needle by the spring 7.-., which tends to pass it to its right as soon as the point of the needle has passed above the bar e. The latter escapes at the same time from the stop n and rises lengthwise and at the right of the looping-needle till it comes in contact with the thread and applies a tension to it. When the looping-needle descends, as in Fig. 7, the tension ofthe thread and the contact with the needle-carrier D bring down the end of the tension-lever e to the level of the fabric, where it is moved back behind the crochet-needle, Figs. 5 and 8. At this moment the little spring p places itself in the notch o and holds thelever in that position. The looping-needle then goes up, the bolt L pushes back the piece K, and the tension-bar passes to the left of c, Fig: 2. By this movement the cam o escapes laterally from the spring p, and the tension-bar goes up at the left of the looping-needle till it comes in contact with the needle-carrier, Fig. 9. rlhe needle-carrier going up farther leaves it in contact with the stop n, Fig. 2, from whence it begins the saine operation.

Fourth, movement of the Zoop-expeller, lfigs. 2, 3, and 6.-The object of the loop-expellcr is to insure the throwing-off oi' the loop that the l oping-needle has to leave below the fabrics. Though by a certain shape of the looping-needle we can dispense with this accessory, we shall describe it as a safety-piece. It Vconsists in a pin, t', fixed on a disk, M, and rotating upon an axis in line with the axis of the looping-needle, which needle at the end of its downward movement enters this hollow disk M a certain distance. Vhen the point of the shuttle has passed into the loop this pin fi disengages the loop from the looping-needle and spreads such loop by making one revolution around the point. To effect this the disk M carries a pinion, r, which gears with a sector, N, having a crank, s. rlhere is apin fixed to the shuttlecarrier G, which comes into contact with this crank and gives to the same and to the sector the movement necessary to rotate the pin fi. The parts are pl aeed so that the pin meets the crank at the moment the back part of the shuttle is passing the looping-needle, and the rotary motion of the pin fi is given in the direction indicated by the arrow, Fig. 6, to disengage the loop from the needle during the rest of the movement of the shuttle. Vhen the shuttle comes back the sector N, brought back by the spring n, (see dotted lines, Fig. 6,) turns the pin 11 around in the other direction and puts it in place for the next stitch.

Fvfth, movement of the thread-feed, Figs. 3 and 6.-Vhen the loop is by the before-described movement disengaged from the looping-needle and the shuttle has passed through said loop the needle in going up takes the thread which comes out from the shuttle. To effect this the thread is presented to the looping-needle at the proper time by a lever, j', which lever is grooved for the thread, and the end is bent, as seen in Fig. G, so that the single thread that extends up from the shuttle through the bed-plate, as in Fig. 9, is pressed toward and IOO IIO

'partially Wrapped around the needle and brought into position to enter the looping-needle hook for being drawn up through the fabric as the looping-needle rises. The movement of this lever is produced by a cam, P, on the main shaft and acting on a transverse bar, R, placed under the table of the machine, and to which is connected the prolongation V of the lever f. In the different positions of the shuttle it' is necessary that the prop er tension is maintained upon the thread. We obtain this result by means of a small interior spring, l0, Fig. 14, with an eye, through which the thread passes before coming outside the shuttle. When the shuttle is at the end of its movement the tension of the thread draws the spring into the position seen in the figure, but inthe back movement the resistance of the spring takes up the thread by drawing it in and keeps it all the time under the proper tension.

The feeding of the fabric and the regulation of the stitch are done by any ofthe known Ways.

We claim as our invention- Vl. The combination, in a seWing-machine, of a shuttle and means for moving the same beneath the bed, a reciprocating needle passing through the fabric and provided with a hook to draw up a loop of thread from the shuttle, and a tension-bar, e, over which the loop passes as the needle descends, substanti ally as specified.

2. The combination, with the looping-ncedle, the shuttle, and the means for moving the same, ofthe pin i, pinion r, sector N, and means for moving the same, whereby the loop is removed from the looping-needlc and distended for the passage of the shuttle, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with the shuttle and the looping-needle having double hooks, of the lever f, having a curved end, the bar R, and the tension-bar e, and mechanism for giving motion to the parts, substantially as specified, so as to pass the loop through the fabric, move the shuttle through the loop, then take up a loop of thread from the shuttle and tighten the previous loop, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a machine for sewing with one thread, of a looping-needle, a tension-bar, e, a shuttle carrying the thread, the

pin fi, the lever f, and mechanism, substantially as set forth, for giving to the parts the movements specified.

The above speciiication of our invention signed by us this 12th day of December, 1882.

CLAUDE vERNAY. rRANois ROUX.

Witnesses:

YXIN RABITTOUD, JULES LEPMETT. 

